新西兰教育学代写assignment 批判性教育

2020-07-11 18:22

McLaren(2012)指出，批判性教育学旨在理解权力和知识之间的关系。这表明，教育既支配着个人，又解放了个人。例如，教育制度复制了社会阶级和资本主义，但这可能会受到学生的质疑。批判性教学法寻求从教育者那里转移知识，帮助学生理解、认识和研究资本主义社会的政治、社会和经济基础。在教育领域，主导文化和群体对从属群体行使支配和压迫的概念被称为霸权。这种话语在教育中很普遍，因为主导话语决定了教师使用的方法和教学法，以及教育者传达的价值观和信念。麦克拉伦指出，教育方面的知识具有历史和社会根源，并受到主导群体的利益约束。获得的知识是在教育中以特定的方式和社会构建的。这意味着知识是个体之间“协议或同意的产物”(第6页)。麦克拉伦讨论了哈贝马斯关于不同类型知识的论点。首先，知识是可以测量和量化的。像这样的知识是通过考试来展示的，并根据这些知识的结果来打分。其次，学生将获得实践知识，可以塑造他们的日常生活。这可以参考学生在人际交往方面学到的技能。第三，有解放性知识。这是传授给学生的知识，让他们了解社会关系是如何被权力和特权扭曲的。这为批判性教学法提供了基础。麦克拉伦认为，教育不仅仅是知识的灌输和社会化，它还具有赋予力量和变革的力量。因此，批判性教学法是一种理解、谈判和转变关系、知识和社会结构的方式，目的是为了创造一个更公正、更公平的社会。
新西兰教育学代写assignment 批判性教育
McLaren (2012) states that critical pedagogy aims to understand the relationship between power and knowledge. It is suggested that education both dominates and liberates individuals. For example, the educational system reproduces social class and capitalism but this can be contested by students. Critical pedagogy seeks the transferring of knowledge from educators to help students understand, recognise and examine the political, social and economic foundations of a capitalist society. Within education, the notion of dominant cultures and groups exercising domination and oppression over subordinate groups is referred to as hegemony. This discourse is prevalent in education as dominant discourses determine the approaches and pedagogy teachers’ use and the values and beliefs that educators convey. McLaren notes that knowledge in education is historically and socially rooted and is interest-bound by dominant groups. Knowledge acquired is structured in particular ways and socially constructed within education. This means that knowledge is ‘the product of agreement or consent’ (p. 6) between individuals. McLaren discusses Habermas’ argument of the different types of knowledge. Firstly, there is the knowledge which can be measured and quantified. Knowledge like this is presented through the taking of examinations and being awarded a grade as a result of that knowledge. Secondly, students will acquire practical knowledge which can shape their everyday lives. This could reference the skills that students learn regarding interpersonal skills. Thirdly, there is emancipatory knowledge. This is the knowledge passed to students to allow them to understand how social relationships are distorted by power and privilege. This provides the foundation for critical pedagogy. McLaren argues that education is not just about indoctrination of knowledge and socialisation but also that it has the power to empower and transform. Therefore, critical pedagogy is a way of understanding, negotiating, and transforming relationships, knowledge and societies structures in order to create a more just, and fairer society.

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