澳洲MQ麦考瑞assignment:实用主义理想

2019-01-06 23:40

杜威坚持实用主义理想，在现实环境中检验自己的教育理论。他创建了后来被称为他自己的“实验学校”。杜威的学校与当时任何一所学校都截然不同。学生们没有坐在课桌前听老师讲课或做课本上的家庭作业。相反，他们会在教室里走来走去，做各种各样的体育活动，如缝纫或烹饪。如前所述，杜威认为学生可以通过这些活动来学习他们所需要的关键技能(例如数学和科学)，而不是传统的“学习课本”的方法。孩子们按年龄分组，每个不同的年龄组总是在做不同的事情。杜威让孩子们去野外旅行，做模型，表演戏剧，玩游戏以及其他许多“活跃”的事情。他鼓吹教师应该推迟让孩子做诸如阅读和写作之类的事情，直到学生觉得有必要并且有兴趣这样做为止(Dewey Article, Enotes)。杜威的学校有成功也有失败，他的伟大“实验”有很多可以借鉴之处。“虽然我承认，许多伟大的教育实践最初是在杜威的实验学校发展起来的，但我不得不注意到其中存在的根本缺陷。”如果我把杜威在他的学校里展示的东西应用到当今的教育界，我认为他的体系将会失败。原因首先是杜威似乎是通过“玫瑰色的眼镜”来看待教育。在我看来，教育理论应该适用于任何情况。我想到了杜威在他的学校里所做的一切，在那里，家庭生活被大量地纳入课堂课程。但是，那些来自破碎家庭的孩子们呢?正如我们在当今社会经常看到的那样。如果一个孩子在酗酒的父母的监督下受到虐待或遭受痛苦，而这些父母对孩子的教育漠不关心，那么杜威的教育体系又该如何看待这种情况呢?如果一个孩子的父母非常支持他，对他的教育非常感兴趣，那么杜威的学校可能会运作得很好，但在当今世界，这种情况有多常见呢?纽约大学(New York University)的作家兼教育学家亨利·佩金森(Henry Perkinson)对杜威的实验学校做了这样的评论:“杜威的教育哲学描述了一个或多个学校，它们从未存在过，也可能永远不会存在。”要做到这一点，就需要有超级教师和超级学生”(佩金森)。虽然我认为杜威正在把教育引向正确的方向，但我认为他首先需要找到一种方法来发展一种适用于每个学生的教育理论。
澳洲MQ麦考瑞assignment:实用主义理想
Dewey stayed true to his pragmatic ideals by testing out his own education theories in a real-life environment. He created what became to be known as his very own “laboratory school.” Dewey’s school was radically different than any other of its time. The students did not sit at desks and listen to a teacher lecture or do homework problems out of a textbook. Instead they would be moving about the classroom doing varying physical activities, such as sewing or cooking. As I stated earlier, Dewey believed that students could learn the critical skills (math and science for example) that they needed by doing these types of activities instead of the more traditional “studying the textbook” method. The children were broken down by age and every different age group was always doing something different. Dewey had the kids going on field trips, building models, acting out plays, and playing games among many other “active” things. He preached that teachers should hold off on having kids do things like reading and writing until the student found it necessary and appealing to do so (Dewey Article, Enotes). Dewey’s school had its successes and failures and there is a lot that can be taken away his grand “experiment.”While I do admit that a lot of great education practices were first developed at Dewey’s laboratory school, I cannot help but notice the fundamental flaws that existed in it. If I was to apply what Dewey showcased in his school to today’s world of education, I think his system would fail. The reason for this is first that Dewey seemed to be looking at education through “rose colored glasses” so to speak. In my opinion, a theory on education should be able to apply to any situation. I think about what Dewey had put together in his school, where the home life was heavily incorporated into the class curriculum. But, what about children that come from broken homes, as we see so often in today’s society? If a child is being abused or suffering under the watch of alcoholic parents, who could care less about their child’s education, how would that fit into Dewey’s system? Dewey’s school would probably work well in a case where a child has very supportive parents that are extremely interested in their child’s education, but how often is that not the case in today’s world? Henry Perkinson, an author and educator at New York University, makes a comment about Dewey’s lab school saying, “Dewey’s educational philosophy depicts a school or school enterprise that never existed and probably never could exist. To carry it out would require superteachers and superstudents” (Perkinson). While I believe Dewey is taking education in the right direction, I think he first needs to find a way to develop a theory on education that can apply to each and every student.

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